Sliver formation Lap formation Spinning Roving Yarn Manufacturing Spinning Systems for Different Types of Fibers Group Fiber Type Spinning System Fiber length Short Cotton Cotton system 10-25 mm staple Man-made fibers (ring spinning) system (cotton type) Rotor spinning 20-50 mm Mainly cotton Condenser spinning 10-100 mm (similar to woollen system) Long Wool 18-60 mm staple Man-made fibers Woollen system 60-120 mm system (wool type) Bast Flax Flax system fiber Hemp Hemp system Upto 1000 mm systems Jute Jute system Silk Silk Spun silk (schappe) upto 250 mm systems Noil silk (bourette) upto 60 mm Man-made Man-made Converter Continuous fiber systems fibers Direct spinning 4.6 TYPES OF YARNS: 1. Textured Yarns: Textured is a general term for any continuous filament yarn whose smooth straight fibers have been displaced from their closely packed, parallel position by the introduction of some form of crimp, curl, loop or coil.

163 16.4 COLLAR: A collar is added to the neckline of a garment in order to enhance its appearance. It is also serves to finish the raw edges of the neckline. Collars are made of double layers of fabric. Since collars form a background for the face, great care has to be taken in designing collar styles which suit the wearer.