3.5.1 Manufacturing: Polyesters are made by reacting a dihydric alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid. The generic definition was modified in 1973 so that no specific acid is identified; thus the definition can cover a variety of polyesters. As the acid and alcohol are polymerized, they are extruded from the polymerizing vessel in the form of a ribbon. This ribbon is cut into small chips; the chips are diced and conveyed to a hopper from which they are fed to the melt spinning tank. The hot solution is forced through spinnerets, and solidifies into fiber form on contact with cool air. It is stretched while hot, the stretching contributes strength to the fiber and controls elongation characteristics. The greater the amount of molecular orientation obtained during this strengthening step, the stronger the fiber and the lower the elongation.

15.2 DECORATING GARMENTS: 1. Bias trimmings: Bias binding in contrasting material or self fabric can be used to finish neck lines, opening and hems in garments. Bias tubing can be used for making decorative button loops.