11. Seed stitch: This simple filling stitch is composed of small straight stitches of equal length placed at random over the surface. This stitch is used to fill small spaces. 12. Couching: Lay a thread along the line of the design and with another thread, tie it down at even intervals with a small stitch into the fabric. The tying stitch can be of contrasting color to the laid thread if desired.

Progress in this area culminated in the industrial revolution, which was the start of the factory system and mars production. From Ancient times colours have been used in fabrics. Dyestuff from plants and insects were used until the synthetic dyes were discovered.