3. Gathering using elastic: Gathers can be made by stretching a narrow strip of elastic and stitching on the part of the garment which is to be gathered. 13.6 SHIRRING: Shirring is formed by several rows of gathering. Use shirring only on soft or lightweight fabrics.

Semi-Durables. Durables are those which are manufactured for intention of longer use, e.g., furnishing, carpets (Numdhas), carpet backing. Mostly nylon, polyester and rayon, etc., are used. Disposables are those that are intended to use only for a limited application. Throw away after use. It should not be very expensive. Cost of manufacture and material in this case should not be too high, e.g., Diapers, Tissue paper, surgeons gloves, gowns, filters, etc. Rayon is the fiber which is most commonly used. Semi Durables are used to make products as table mats. Can be used more than one time.